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Asked: 2026-05-22T14:34:22+00:00

Or even heavily functional styles in non functional/non memory managed languages. What sort of

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Or even heavily functional styles in non functional/non memory managed languages.
What sort of techniques are there to deal with problems like intermediate garbage? Cleaning up after lazynizess/thunk allocated memory. Performance(since you can’t easily share resources between immutable variables if you have to track its progress to deallocate it(smart pointers?)

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  1. Editorial Team

    You might be interested in programming languages with linear or uniqueness types, these can manage resources (and memory in particular). Recent examples: ATS and LinearML.

    There have been attempts at “region-based memory management” (e.g. Cyclone), but they haven’t lifted off just yet — regions also allow for (earlier) memory reclamation, but they aren’t enough (e.g., there are programs which, when run with region-based memory management, will exhibit unacceptable performance). The two schemes could be mixed, I think.

    Back to your question, some ATS programs can run without garbage collection. (I won’t say that such programs are written in “functional” style, such as in SML, but in a mix of imperative and first-order functional style.)

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