Question

Possible Duplicate:
C++ source in unicode

I just discovered this line of code in a project:

string überwachung;

I was surprised, because actually I thought you are not allowed to use umlauts like ‘äöü’ in C++ code other than in strings and so on, and it would result in a compiler error. But this compiles just fine with visual studio 2008.

• Is this a special microsoft feature, or are umlauts allowed with other compilers too?
• Are there any potential problems with that (portability,system language settings..)?
• I can clearly remember this was not allowed. When did it change?

Kind regards for any clarification

P.S.: the tool cppcheck will even mark this usage as an error, even though it compiles

Answer 1

GCC complains on it:
codepad

: error: stray ‘\303’ in program

The C++ language standard itself limits the basic source character set to 91 printable characters plus tabs, form feed and new-line, which are all within ASCII. However, there’s a nice footnote:

The glyphs for the members of the basic source character set are intended to identify characters from the subset of
ISO/IEC 10646 which corresponds to the ASCII character set. However, because the mapping from source file characters to the
source character set (described in translation phase 1) is specified as implementation-defined, an implementation is required to
document how the basic source characters are represented in source files.

.. translation phase 1 is (emphasis mine)

Physical source file characters are mapped, in an implementation-defined manner, to the basic source
character set (introducing new-line characters for end-of-line indicators) if necessary. The set of physical
source file characters accepted is implementation-defined.

Generally, you shouldn’t use umlauts or other special characters in your code. If may work, but if it does, it’s a compiler-specific feature.