Question

<-- Seems to be unsearchable on the web so had to ask the question here.

What is their searchable name, and how do I add variables inline?

Answer 1

That syntax is for declaring a HERE DOCUMENT
http://www.ruby-doc.org/docs/ruby-doc-bundle/Manual/man-1.4/syntax.html#here_doc

There’s a line-oriented form of the string literals that is usually
called as `here document’. Following a << you can specify a string or
an identifier to terminate the string literal, and all lines following
the current line up to the terminator are the value of the string. If
the terminator is quoted, the type of quotes determines the type of
the line-oriented string literal. Notice there must be no space
between << and the terminator.

If the – placed before the delimiter, then all leading whitespcae
characters (tabs or spaces) are stripped from input lines and the line
containing delimiter. This allows here-documents within scripts to be
indented in a natural fashion.

Regarding interpolation, the link gives more details, but it is like a double quoted string if your string is delimited as below (ignore this page’s color formatting)

<<-HERE
   I can interpolate #{foo}
HERE

whereas it is like a single quoted string

<<-'HERE'
 This will print out #{foo} as text
HERE

Also the original pickaxe is a good source http://www.ruby-doc.org/docs/ProgrammingRuby/html/language.html