Question

Since the new ADT preview version (version 21), they have a new lint warning that tells me the next thing on the manifest file (in the application tag):

Should explicitly set android:allowBackup to true or false (it’s true by default, and that can have some security implications for the application’s data)

In the official website, they’ve written:

A couple of new checks: you must explicitly decide whether your app allows backups, and a label check. There’s a new command line flag for setting the library path. Many improvements to the incremental lint analysis while editing.

What is this warning? What is the backup feature, and how do I use it?

Also, why does the warning tell me it has security implications? What are the disadvantages and advantages of disabling this feature?

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There are two concepts of backup for the manifest:

• “android:allowBackup” allows to backup and restore via adb, as shown here:

Whether to allow the application to participate in the backup and
restore infrastructure. If this attribute is set to false, no backup
or restore of the application will ever be performed, even by a
full-system backup that would otherwise cause all application data to
be saved via adb. The default value of this attribute is true.

This is considered a security issue because people could backup your app via ADB and then get private data of your app into their PC.

However, I think it’s not that of a problem, since most users don’t know what adb is, and if they do, they will also know how to root the device. ADB functions would only work if the device has the debugging feature enabled, and this needs the user to enable it.

So, only users that connect their devices to the PC and enable the debugging feature would be affected. If they have a malicious app on their PC that uses the ADB tools, this could be problematic since the app could read the private storage data.

I think Google should just add a feature that is disabled by default, in the developer category, to allow backup&restore of apps via ADB.

• “android:backupAgent” allows to use the backup and restore feature of the cloud, as shown here and here:

The name of the class that implement’s the application’s backup agent,
a subclass of BackupAgent. The attribute value should be a fully
qualified class name (such as, “com.example.project.MyBackupAgent”).
However, as a shorthand, if the first character of the name is a
period (for example, “.MyBackupAgent”), it is appended to the package
name specified in the element. There is no default. The
name must be specified.

This isn’t a security issue.

Answer 1

For this lint warning, as for all other lint warnings, note that you can get a fuller explanation than just what is in the one line error message; you don’t have to search the web for more info.

If you are using lint via Eclipse, either open the lint warnings view, where you can select the lint error and see a longer explanation, or invoke the quick fix (Ctrl-1) on the error line, and one of the suggestions is “Explain this issue”, which will also pop up a fuller explanation. If you are not using Eclipse, you can generate an HTML report from lint (lint --html <filename>) which includes full explanations next to the warnings, or you can ask lint to explain a particular issue. For example, the issue related to allowBackup has the id AllowBackup (shown at the end of the error message), so the fuller explanation is:

$ ./lint --show AllowBackup
AllowBackup
-----------
Summary: Ensure that allowBackup is explicitly set in the application's
manifest

Priority: 3 / 10
Severity: Warning
Category: Security

The allowBackup attribute determines if an application’s data can be backed up and restored, as documented here.

By default, this flag is set to true. When this flag is set to true, application data can be backed up and restored by the user using adb backup and adb restore.

This may have security consequences for an application. adb backup allows users who have enabled USB debugging to copy application data off of the device. Once backed up, all application data can be read by the user. adb restore allows creation of application data from a source specified by the user. Following a restore, applications should not assume that the data, file permissions, and directory permissions were created by the application itself.

Setting allowBackup="false" opts an application out of both backup and restore.

To fix this warning, decide whether your application should support backup and explicitly set android:allowBackup=(true|false)

Click here for More information