So I’m having a hard time grasping the idea behind pointers and all that memory allocation.
I’m thinking nowadays with computer as powerful as they are right now why do we have to use pointers at all?
Isn’t there always a workaround to do things without the help of pointers?
Pointers are an indirection: instead of working with the data itself, you are working with (something) that points to the data. Depending on the semantics of the language, this allows many things: cheaply switch to another instance of data (by setting the pointer to point to another instance), passing pointers allows access to the original data without having to make (a possibly expensive) copy, etc.
Memory allocation is related to pointers, but separate: you can have pointers without allocating memory. The reason you need pointers for memory allocation is that the actual address the allocated block of memory resides is not known at compile time, so you can only access it via a level of indirection (i.e. pointers) — the compiler statically allocates space for the pointer that will point to the dynamically allocated memory.