there!
I’m writting graph classes. I’ve wrote such code in “Graphs.h” :
#include <vector>
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
struct Edge{
int v,w;
Edge(int v=-1, int w=-1):v(v),w(w){}
};
class Graph
{
protected:
int Ecnt, Vcnt; bool digraph;
public:
Graph(int V, bool isDirected) :Ecnt(0),Vcnt(V),digraph(isDirected) {}
~Graph();
virtual int V() const;
virtual int E() const;
virtual bool directed() const;
virtual void insert(Edge);
virtual void remove(Edge) = 0;
virtual bool edge(int, int);
class adjIterator
{
public:
adjIterator(const Graph &, int);
int beg();
int nxt();
bool end();
};
};
class DenseGraph:public Graph
{
private:
int Vcnt,Ecnt; bool digraph;
vector <vector <bool> > adj;
public:
DenseGraph(int V, bool digraph=false) : Graph(V,digraph),adj(V)
{
for(int i=0;i<V;++i)
adj[i].assign(V,false);
}
int V() const{ return Vcnt;}
int E() const{return Ecnt;}
bool directed() { return digraph;}
void insert(Edge e)
{
int v=e.v, w=e.w;
if(adj[v][w]==false) Ecnt++;
adj[v][w]=true;
if(!digraph) adj[w][v]=true;
}
void remove(Edge e)
{
int v=e.v, w=e.w;
if(adj[v][w]==true) Ecnt--;
adj[v][w]=false;
if(!digraph) adj[w][v]=false;
}
bool edge(int v,int w) const
{
return adj[v][w];
}
class adjIterator;
friend class adjIterator;
};
class DenseGraph::adjIterator
{
const DenseGraph &G;
int i,v;
public:
adjIterator(const DenseGraph &G, int v): G(G), v(v), i(-1)
{ }
int beg()
{ i=-1; return nxt();}
int nxt()
{
for(i++;i<G.V();i++)
if(G.adj[v][i]==true) return i;
return-1;
}
bool end()
{ return i>= G.V();}
};
class SparseMultiGraph:public Graph
{
struct node{
int v; node* next;
node(int x, node* t){v=x; next=t;}
};
typedef node* link;
vector <link> adj;
public:
SparseMultiGraph(int V, bool digraph=false): Graph(V,digraph),adj(V)
{ adj.assign(V,0);}
int V() const{ return Vcnt;}
int E() const{return Ecnt;}
bool directed() const{return digraph;}
void insert(Edge e)
{
int v=e.v,w=e.w;
adj[v]=new node(w,adj[v]);
if(!digraph)
adj[w]=new node(v,adj[w]);
Ecnt++;
}
void remove(Edge e)
{
// int v=e.v,w=e.w;
}
bool edge(int v, int w) const;
class adjIterator;
friend class adjIterator;
};
class SparseMultiGraph::adjIterator
{
const SparseMultiGraph &G;
int v;
SparseMultiGraph::link t;
public:
adjIterator(const SparseMultiGraph &G, int v):
G(G), v(v) {t = 0;}
int beg()
{ t=G.adj[v]; return t? t->v: -1;}
int nxt()
{ if(t) t=t->next; return t? t->v: -1;}
bool end()
{ return t==0;}
};
template<class Graph>
class IO
{
public:
static void show(const Graph &);
static void scanEZ(Graph &);
static void scan(Graph &);
};
template<class Graph>
class CC
{
public:
CC(const Graph &);
int count();
bool connect(int ,int );
};
//return all edges included in this Graph object G
template<class Graph>
vector< Edge> edges(Graph &G)
{
int E=0;
vector <Edge> a(G.E());
for(int v=0;v<G.V();++v)
{
typename Graph::adjIterator A(G,v);
for(int w=A.beg(); !A.end(); w=A.nxt())
if(G.directed() || v<w)
a[E++]=Edge(v,w);
}
return a;
}
template<class Graph>
void IO<Graph>::show(const Graph &G)
{
for(int s=0;s<G.V(); ++s)
{
cout.width(2); cout<<s<<":";
typename Graph::adjIterator A(G,s);
for(int t=A.beg(); !A.end(); t=A.nxt())
{ cout.width(2); cout<<t<<" ";}
cout<< endl;
}
}
//17_12
template<class Graph>
static void randE(Graph& G, int E)
{
for(int i=0;i<E;++i)
{
int v=int(G.V()*rand()/(1.0+RAND_MAX));
int w=int(G.V()*rand()/(1.0+RAND_MAX));
G.insert(Edge(v,w));
}
}
//17_13
template<class Graph>
static void randG(Graph &G, int E)
{
double p=2.0*E/G.V()/(G.V()-1);
for(int i=0;i<G.V();++i)
for(int j=0;j<i;++j)
if(rand()<p*RAND_MAX)
G.insert(Edge(i,j));
}
and in Test.cpp
#include "stdafx.h"
#include <stdlib.h>
#include "Graph_7_1.h"
using namespace std;
void _tmain(int argc, char* argv[])
{
int V=atoi(argv[1]);
Graph* G= new DenseGraph(V) ;
IO<Graph>::scan(*G);
if(V<20) IO<Graph>::show(*G);
cout<<G->E()<<" edges ";
CC<Graph> Gcc(*G);
cout<< Gcc.count() <<" components"<<endl;
}
And I’ve got such errors list:
error LNK1120: 13 unresolved externals C:\Users\Роман\documents\visual studio 2010\Projects\TestGraph\Debug\TestGraph.exe TestGraph
error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol "public: virtual bool __thiscall Graph::directed(void)const " (?directed@Graph@@UBE_NXZ) C:\Users\Роман\documents\visual studio 2010\Projects\TestGraph\TestGraph\TestGraph.obj TestGraph
error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol "public: virtual bool __thiscall Graph::edge(int,int)" (?edge@Graph@@UAE_NHH@Z) C:\Users\Роман\documents\visual studio 2010\Projects\TestGraph\TestGraph\TestGraph.obj TestGraph
error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol "public: virtual int __thiscall Graph::E(void)const " (?E@Graph@@UBEHXZ) C:\Users\Роман\documents\visual studio 2010\Projects\TestGraph\TestGraph\TestGraph.obj TestGraph
error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol "public: virtual int __thiscall Graph::V(void)const " (?V@Graph@@UBEHXZ) C:\Users\Роман\documents\visual studio 2010\Projects\TestGraph\TestGraph\TestGraph.obj TestGraph
error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol "public: virtual void __thiscall Graph::insert(struct Edge)" (?insert@Graph@@UAEXUEdge@@@Z) C:\Users\Роман\documents\visual studio 2010\Projects\TestGraph\TestGraph\TestGraph.obj TestGraph
error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol "public: __thiscall CC<class Graph>::CC<class Graph>(class Graph const &)" (??0?$CC@VGraph@@@@QAE@ABVGraph@@@Z) referenced in function _wmain C:\Users\Роман\documents\visual studio 2010\Projects\TestGraph\TestGraph\TestGraph.obj TestGraph
error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol "public: __thiscall Graph::~Graph(void)" (??1Graph@@QAE@XZ) referenced in function __unwindfunclet$??0DenseGraph@@QAE@H_N@Z$0 C:\Users\Роман\documents\visual studio 2010\Projects\TestGraph\TestGraph\TestGraph.obj TestGraph
error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol "public: __thiscall Graph::adjIterator::adjIterator(class Graph const &,int)" (??0adjIterator@Graph@@QAE@ABV1@H@Z) referenced in function "public: static void __cdecl IO<class Graph>::show(class Graph const &)" (?show@?$IO@VGraph@@@@SAXABVGraph@@@Z) C:\Users\Роман\documents\visual studio 2010\Projects\TestGraph\TestGraph\TestGraph.obj TestGraph
error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol "public: bool __thiscall Graph::adjIterator::end(void)" (?end@adjIterator@Graph@@QAE_NXZ) referenced in function "public: static void __cdecl IO<class Graph>::show(class Graph const &)" (?show@?$IO@VGraph@@@@SAXABVGraph@@@Z) C:\Users\Роман\documents\visual studio 2010\Projects\TestGraph\TestGraph\TestGraph.obj TestGraph
error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol "public: int __thiscall CC<class Graph>::count(void)" (?count@?$CC@VGraph@@@@QAEHXZ) referenced in function _wmain C:\Users\Роман\documents\visual studio 2010\Projects\TestGraph\TestGraph\TestGraph.obj TestGraph
error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol "public: int __thiscall Graph::adjIterator::beg(void)" (?beg@adjIterator@Graph@@QAEHXZ) referenced in function "public: static void __cdecl IO<class Graph>::show(class Graph const &)" (?show@?$IO@VGraph@@@@SAXABVGraph@@@Z) C:\Users\Роман\documents\visual studio 2010\Projects\TestGraph\TestGraph\TestGraph.obj TestGraph
error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol "public: int __thiscall Graph::adjIterator::nxt(void)" (?nxt@adjIterator@Graph@@QAEHXZ) referenced in function "public: static void __cdecl IO<class Graph>::show(class Graph const &)" (?show@?$IO@VGraph@@@@SAXABVGraph@@@Z) C:\Users\Роман\documents\visual studio 2010\Projects\TestGraph\TestGraph\TestGraph.obj TestGraph
error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol "public: static void __cdecl IO<class Graph>::scan(class Graph &)" (?scan@?$IO@VGraph@@@@SAXAAVGraph@@@Z) referenced in function _wmain C:\Users\Роман\documents\visual studio 2010\Projects\TestGraph\TestGraph\TestGraph.obj TestGraph
Could someone help me?
Thanks!
You have not defined the member function
Graph::directed. Either define it or make it pure virtual:Same for other errors.