Question

This is probably really simple, but I don’t understand it. The following works:

foo.py

class Foo:
    pass

bar.py

module = __import__('foo')
foo = module.__dict__['Foo']

Afterwards, foo is the class foo.Foo as expected.

---

Yet, if I put a.py into a package, it stops working:

qux/__init__.py

(empty file)

qux/foo.py

class Foo:
    pass

bar.py

module = __import__('qux.foo')
foo = module.__dict__['Foo']

Running python bar.py gives me KeyError: 'Foo', but the module import is still successful.

What’s going on, and how do I get it to work?

Answer 1

If you want to import a submodule, you can do something like this:

package = __import__('qux', fromlist=['foo'])
module = getattr(package, 'foo')

Note that with a fromlist the __import__ returns the most nested name in the first parameter, so you could substitute baz.bar.qux in the __import__ call to access the baz.bar.qux.foo module.