This is the desired result of the operation

So the function should sum all the B values for all matching A values.
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Entered into C1 and then expanded to C1:C4 :
The IF checks to see if the next row is different, then if so, it uses SUMIF. If your data isn’t sorted, you can do a slightly more complicated check to see if there are no more values of A1 below it (using COUNTIF).