Question

this often to reference to current context. But, at some case, why we must use getBaseContext() instead of this. (It means when use this will notice error).

Here is my example:

Spinner spinner = (Spinner) findViewById(R.id.spinner);
spinner.setAdapter(adapter);            
spinner.setOnItemSelectedListener(new OnItemSelectedListener() {
    @Override
    public void onItemSelected(AdapterView<?>arg0, View arg1, int arg2, long arg3){
       Toast.makeText(getBaseContext(),"SELECTED", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); //this line
    }

At above code, when I change getBaseContext() to this will receive error.

Who can explain for me, please.

Answer 1

1. getApplicationContext () returns the application context of the entire application life cycle,when application will destroy then it will destroy also.

2. this the context returns the current context of the activity, belong to the activity, the activity is destroyed then it will destroy also.but in your case it will refers to the Spinner instance because we are using this within onItemSelected(AdapterView<?>arg0, View arg1, int arg2, long arg3) method which is from Spinner class and Spinner inherit this method from AdapterView.OnItemSelectedListener interface

3. getBaseContext() is the method of ContextWrapper. And ContextWrapper is, "Proxying implementation of Context that simply delegates all of its calls to another Context. Can be subclassed to modify behavior without changing the original Context." (as per javadocs)..

and in your case :Spinner class is not subclass of Context or ContextWrapper class*

Toast.makeText(getBaseContext(),"SELECTED", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();

means getBaseContext() is method of ContextWrapper and ContextWrapper is Proxying implementation of Context so indirectly we are passing an Context Class Object.

or we can also pass ‘Activity.this’ because Activity class is subclass of ContextWrapper class .

if you go with Android documentation then this method requires a Context class object:
public static Toast makeText (Context context, int resId, int duration)

so we are not able to pass an activity or class context means this to Toast.makeText which don’t have a subclass of either Context or ContextWrapper class.