Question

using apache web server and javascript/php webpage,
is there ANY WAY to include javascript exist outside the root as a script in the index (html file) ?

Answer 1

The client only have access to files made available by the server, you can make directories outside of the document root available with alias

Alias /js /path/to/js
<Directory "/path/to/js">
    Require all granted
</Directory>

(I’m not to sure about the Require all granted part, but without it I get access denied)
Then you can access the /js folder form example.com/js