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Editorial Team
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Asked: 2026-05-30T06:36:25+00:00

Using Microsoft’s NMAKE with -I option to for include paths. It works for the

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Using Microsoft’s NMAKE with -I option to for include paths. It works for the include files in these folders, but can’t seem to find one in a named subfolder:

Here’s the resulting command & error message:

cl /nologo /Ox /MD /EHsc /W3 /D_CRT_SECURE_NO_DEPRECATE -I "C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 10.0\VC\include\sys"; -I.    "C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 10.0\VC\include\sys" "C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft SDKs\Windows\v7.0A\Include" "C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 10.0\VC\include" -DAVOID_WIN32_FILEIO -DCHECK_JPEG_YCBCR_SUBSAMPLING -DDEFAULT_EXTRASAMPLE_AS_ALPHA -DSTRIPCHOP_DEFAULT=TIFF_STRIPCHOP -DSTRIP_SIZE_DEFAULT=8192 -DLOGLUV_SUPPORT -DNEXT_SUPPORT -DTHUNDER_SUPPORT -DLZW_SUPPORT -DPACKBITS_SUPPORT -DCCITT_SUPPORT -DTIF_PLATFORM_CONSOLE -DFILLODER_LSB2MSB  /c tif_unix.c

tif_unix.c
tif_unix.c(35) : fatal error C1083: Cannot open include file: 'sys/types.h': No such file or directory

Two things to note:

  1. The “missing” file, “types.h”, IS in the “sys” subfolder of one of the include paths, so “sys/types.h” should have been found, and

  2. The “sys” subfolder was also included (out of desperation) and types.h STILL wasn’t found.

Any ideas why this include file can’t be found?

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1 Answer

  1. Editorial Team

    It looks like you’re not using the option correctly. The syntax is -I directory, and according to the Microsoft documentation, to add more than one directory, you must use this option more than once. If you have faithfully reproduced the actual command-line you’re using, then you have got -I directory -I directory directory directory directory, so several of your include directories are ignored.

    Assuming you want all of these directories in the include path, the correct syntax is:

    -I "C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 10.0\VC\include\sys"
-I.
-I "C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 10.0\VC\include\sys"
-I "C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft SDKs\Windows\v7.0A\Include"
-I "C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 10.0\VC\include"

    Note the use of -I before each directory, including . .

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