Question

We implement an One-to-Many relationship by adding one Table’s PK, as FK to the other Table.
We implement a Many-to-Many relationship by adding 2 Table’s PKs to a third Table.

How do we implement an IS-A Relationship ?

The Entities are TECHNICIAN and ADMINISTRATIVE which both are EMPLOYEE.
I could just use an extra field in the Table
EMPLOYEE(id, name, surname, role, …AdminFields…, …TechFields…)

but i would like to explore the IS-A option.

EDIT: I did as Donnie suggested, but without the role field.

Answer 1

I did as Donnie suggested, but without the role field, because it complicates things. This is the final implementation:

DDL:

CREATE TABLE Employee (
ast VARCHAR(20) not null,
firstname VARCHAR(200) not null,
surname VARCHAR(200) not null,
...
PRIMARY KEY(ast)
);

CREATE TABLE Administrative (
employee_ast VARCHAR(20) not null REFERENCES Employee(ast),
PRIMARY KEY(employee_ast)
);

CREATE TABLE Technical (
employee_ast VARCHAR(20) not null REFERENCES Employee(ast),
...
PRIMARY KEY(employee_ast)
);

ER Diagram:

In this model there are no Employees of Generic Type. Here, an Employee can only be Administrative or Technical.