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Asked: 2026-05-12T00:10:19+00:00

What is the difference between %INC and @INC in Perl?

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What is the difference between %INC and @INC in Perl?

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  1. Editorial Team

    The @INC array holds all the file system paths where Perl will be looking for modules when you use or require them.

    After use or require, the %INC hash will contain the loaded modules and where they were loaded from.

    Examples from my laptop:

    @INC:

    '/etc/perl',
'/usr/local/lib/perl/5.10.0',
'/usr/local/share/perl/5.10.0',
'/usr/lib/perl5',
'/usr/share/perl5',
'/usr/lib/perl/5.10',
'/usr/share/perl/5.10',
'/usr/local/lib/site_perl',
'.'

    and %INC:

    'warnings/register.pm' => '/usr/share/perl/5.10/warnings/register.pm',
'bytes.pm' => '/usr/share/perl/5.10/bytes.pm',
'XSLoader.pm' => '/usr/lib/perl/5.10/XSLoader.pm',
'Carp.pm' => '/usr/share/perl/5.10/Carp.pm',
'Exporter.pm' => '/usr/share/perl/5.10/Exporter.pm',
'warnings.pm' => '/usr/share/perl/5.10/warnings.pm',
'overload.pm' => '/usr/share/perl/5.10/overload.pm',
'Data/Dumper.pm' => '/usr/lib/perl/5.10/Data/Dumper.pm'

    (%INC contains Data::Dumper because I used it to quickly dump those two values).

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