What is the official, documented behavior when you install an update to an app?
This question asks the same thing, but the answer, which says that the app bundle is replaced but all other folders are untouched, does not provide any documentation. I have reason to believe that the app bundle, in fact, is not replaced, so I’d like to know for sure.
Please link to documentation!
From the iOS Application Programming Guide (see the “Files Saved During Application Updates” section within “The File System”):
What you’re seeing in the Why isn't my iPhone app bundle replacing the old one during an update? question is an issue where Xcode doesn’t correctly detect/push updated resources to the device, which is a very different scenario.