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When a C++ program terminates, the RAM used during the run gets cleaned and is returned to the system, correct?
Question 1)
Is this memory returned managed by C++ language features or by the computer hardware itself?
Question 2)
Does the memory get returned efficiently/safely, if I terminate a run using ctrl+Z in Unix terminal?
Correct. By System, I hope you mean, Operating System.
The returned memory is managed by the operating system (if I correctly understand the question). And before returning to the OS, the memory is managed by the process; in low-level, which means, managed by various language features, such as allocation- deallocation mechanism, constructors, destructors, RAII, etc.
Ctrl+Z suspends the process. It doesn’t terminate it. So the memory doesn’t get returned to the OS as long as the process is not terminated.
In linux, Ctrl+C terminates the process, then the memory returns to the OS.