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Asked: 2026-05-14T05:12:57+00:00

When I compiled the sample codes of C++, I got following info: c++ excxx_example_database_read.cpp

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When I compiled the sample codes of C++, I got following info:

c++ excxx_example_database_read.cpp -o dbApp -I /usr/local/BerkeleyDB.5.0/include/
Undefined symbols:
  "Dbt::Dbt(void*, unsigned int)", referenced from:
      show_vendor(MyDb&, char const*)in ccnaWItX.o
      show_item(MyDb&, MyDb&, std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >&)in ccnaWItX.o
  "Dbc::get(Dbt*, Dbt*, unsigned int)", referenced from:
      show_all_records(MyDb&, MyDb&) in ccnaWItX.o
      show_item(MyDb&, MyDb&, std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >&)in ccnaWItX.o
      show_item(MyDb&, MyDb&, std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >&)in ccnaWItX.o
  "Dbc::close()", referenced from:
      show_all_records(MyDb&, MyDb&) in ccnaWItX.o
      show_all_records(MyDb&, MyDb&) in ccnaWItX.o
      show_all_records(MyDb&, MyDb&) in ccnaWItX.o
      show_item(MyDb&, MyDb&, std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >&)in ccnaWItX.o
      show_item(MyDb&, MyDb&, std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >&)in ccnaWItX.o
      show_item(MyDb&, MyDb&, std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >&)in ccnaWItX.o
  "Dbt::~Dbt()", referenced from:
      show_vendor(MyDb&, char const*)in ccnaWItX.o
      show_vendor(MyDb&, char const*)in ccnaWItX.o
      show_vendor(MyDb&, char const*)in ccnaWItX.o
      show_vendor(MyDb&, char const*)in ccnaWItX.o
      show_all_records(MyDb&, MyDb&) in ccnaWItX.o
      show_all_records(MyDb&, MyDb&) in ccnaWItX.o
      show_all_records(MyDb&, MyDb&) in ccnaWItX.o
      show_all_records(MyDb&, MyDb&) in ccnaWItX.o
      show_item(MyDb&, MyDb&, std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >&)in ccnaWItX.o
      show_item(MyDb&, MyDb&, std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >&)in ccnaWItX.o
      show_item(MyDb&, MyDb&, std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >&)in ccnaWItX.o
      show_item(MyDb&, MyDb&, std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >&)in ccnaWItX.o
  "Db::~Db()", referenced from:
      MyDb::~MyDb() in ccnaWItX.o
      MyDb::~MyDb() in ccnaWItX.o
  "typeinfo for DbException", referenced from:
      GCC_except_table3 in ccnaWItX.o
      GCC_except_table4 in ccnaWItX.o
      GCC_except_table5 in ccnaWItX.o
      GCC_except_table6 in ccnaWItX.o
      __ZTI11DbException$non_lazy_ptr in ccnaWItX.o
  "DbException::~DbException()", referenced from:
      __ZN11DbExceptionD1Ev$non_lazy_ptr in ccnaWItX.o
  "MyDb::close()", referenced from:
      MyDb::~MyDb() in ccnaWItX.o
  "MyDb::MyDb(std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >&, std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >&, bool)", referenced from:
      _main in ccnaWItX.o
      _main in ccnaWItX.o
      _main in ccnaWItX.o
  "Dbt::Dbt()", referenced from:
      show_vendor(MyDb&, char const*)in ccnaWItX.o
      show_all_records(MyDb&, MyDb&) in ccnaWItX.o
      show_all_records(MyDb&, MyDb&) in ccnaWItX.o
      show_item(MyDb&, MyDb&, std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >&)in ccnaWItX.o
  "DbException::get_errno() const", referenced from:
      show_vendor(MyDb&, char const*)in ccnaWItX.o
      show_all_records(MyDb&, MyDb&) in ccnaWItX.o
      show_item(MyDb&, MyDb&, std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >&)in ccnaWItX.o
      _main in ccnaWItX.o
  "DbException::DbException(DbException const&)", referenced from:
      show_vendor(MyDb&, char const*)in ccnaWItX.o
      show_all_records(MyDb&, MyDb&) in ccnaWItX.o
      show_item(MyDb&, MyDb&, std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >&)in ccnaWItX.o
ld: symbol(s) not found
collect2: ld returned 1 exit status

I have no idea what is the problem. Please help!

Update:
Now I use : 

getting_started baxxu$ c++ excxx_example_database_r
ead.cpp -o dbApp -I /usr/local/BerkeleyDB.5.0/include/ -L/usr/local/
BerkeleyDB.5.0/lib -ldb_cxx-5.0

still get error:

Undefined symbols:
  "MyDb::close()", referenced from:
      MyDb::~MyDb() in ccYCyhIg.o
  "MyDb::MyDb(std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >&, std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >&, bool)", referenced from:
      _main in ccYCyhIg.o
      _main in ccYCyhIg.o
      _main in ccYCyhIg.o
ld: symbol(s) not found
collect2: ld returned 1 exit status
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1 Answer

  1. Editorial Team

    These are linker errors – they mean you haven’t linked in one or more of the libraries you need to build this application.

    The documentation for the library should explain how to build applications using it. In general, you need to add the library to the compiler command line:

    c++ excxx_example_database_read.cpp -o dbApp -I /usr/local/BerkeleyDB.5.0/include/  -lsomething

    would link in libsomething.a, found on the library search path. But to know which one to link, you must read the docs.

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