When I execute the following application, my Scroller stretches as far as the height of the inner group.
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<s:Application xmlns:s="library://ns.adobe.com/flex/spark" xmlns:fx="http://ns.adobe.com/mxml/2009">
<s:Scroller width="100%" height="100%" verticalScrollPolicy="on">
<s:Group height="1400"/>
</s:Scroller>
</s:Application>
Here is what I get:

I would like it to be the same size as my window is.
Could you please explain, what I am doing wrong? Why doesn’t Scroller serve as a viewport?
Generally you want to make the height/width of your scroller an explicit value and the height/width of the children a percentage. You’ve done that in reverse. So, like this:
However, that doesn’t solve the problem of making the scroller/group the width of the available window. I would do that by sizing elements in the updateDisplayList() method.
You may want to tweak the sizing of the myScrollingGroup to accomodate for the scrollbars height/width. Or, you could use the precentHeight/percentWidth properties on the myScrollingGroup and set them to 100%.