When we declare a method synchronized then how it is known by second thread that the synchronized section of code used by the first thread is completed and how second thread can use that synchronized section of code?
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Java uses an internal construct called a monitor to manage synchronization, basically when thread 1 enters a synchronized method, it takes control of the monitor, similarly when it is finished it releases the monitor. Any threads that arrive while the monitor is currently held are blocked until the monitor is released. Then they enter the synchronized method.
here is more information on monitors:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monitor_(synchronization)