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Editorial Team
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Asked: 2026-06-16T02:08:22+00:00

While compiling C (not c++) code, I am getting error during link time, that

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While compiling C (not c++) code, I am getting error during link time, that certain identifiers have been defined at multiple places, but as shown below, the output is very cryptic.

Is there a way to get better messages from gcc, so that I can see which files are the cause of multiple definitions?

/tmp/cc8kgsLE.o:(.rodata+0x0): multiple definition of `PR_SZ'
/tmp/ccDfv6U4.o:(.rodata+0x0): first defined here
/tmp/cc8kgsLE.o:(.rodata+0x8): multiple definition of `PR_SEC_SZ'
/tmp/ccDfv6U4.o:(.rodata+0x8): first defined here
/tmp/cc8kgsLE.o:(.rodata+0x10): multiple definition of `PR_NSEC_SZ'
/tmp/ccDfv6U4.o:(.rodata+0x10): first defined here

collect2: ld returned 1 exit status

UPDATE: Based on responses, i clarify further that
PR_SZ, PR_SEC_SZ, PR_NSEC_SZ are defined in ONE .h file, which is protected by #ifndef, #define and #endif macros..

In terms of compiling, i simply type:

gcc -Wall -I. -file1.c file2.c -o file2

UPDATE:

In addition to responses, i found the below link relevant
global constants without using #define

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1 Answer

  1. Editorial Team

    The output displayed doesn’t look cryptic for me, it’s very clear…
    The globals variables (this is bad) PR_SZ, PR_SEC_SZ, PR_NSEC_SZ are defined into more than one .c files

    How do you compile your project ?

    Here the main problem, it’s that .o filename doesn’t match the filename of the .c file.
    So to be able to see a better message you should improve your Makefile or whatever you are using to build your project.

    For information :

    • In .h the prototype of global variables declarations must be prefixed by the keyword : extern
    • In only one .c file the variable should be declare normally
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