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Home/ Questions/Q 4241040
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Editorial Team
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Editorial Team
Asked: May 21, 20262026-05-21T03:14:58+00:00 2026-05-21T03:14:58+00:00

Yesterday I asked a question about parallel matrix multiplication in Java 7 using the

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Yesterday I asked a question about parallel matrix multiplication in Java 7 using the fork/join framework here. With the help of axtavt I got my example program to work. Now I’m implementing an equivalent program using Java 6 functionality only. I get the same problem as yesterday, dispite applying the the feedback axtavt gave me (I think). Am I overlooking something?
Code:

package algorithms;

import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;

public class Java6MatrixMultiply implements Algorithm {

    private static final int SIZE = 1024;
    private static final int THRESHOLD = 64;
    private static final int MAX_THREADS = Runtime.getRuntime().availableProcessors();

    private final ExecutorService executor = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(MAX_THREADS);

    private float[][] a = new float[SIZE][SIZE];
    private float[][] b = new float[SIZE][SIZE];
    private float[][] c = new float[SIZE][SIZE];

    @Override
    public void initialize() {
        init(a, b, SIZE);
    }

    @Override
    public void execute() {
        MatrixMultiplyTask task =  new MatrixMultiplyTask(a, 0, 0, b, 0, 0, c, 0, 0, SIZE);
        task.split();

        executor.shutdown();    
        try {
            executor.awaitTermination(Integer.MAX_VALUE, TimeUnit.DAYS);
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            System.out.println("Error: " + e.getMessage());
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void printResult() {
        check(c, SIZE);

        for (int i = 0; i < SIZE && i <= 10; i++) {
            for (int j = 0; j < SIZE && j <= 10; j++) {         
                if(j == 10) {
                    System.out.print("...");
                }
                else {
                    System.out.print(c[i][j] + " ");
                }
            }

            if(i == 10) {
                System.out.println();
                for(int k = 0; k < 10; k++) System.out.print(" ... ");
            }   

            System.out.println();
        }       

        System.out.println();
    }

    // To simplify checking, fill with all 1's. Answer should be all n's.
    static void init(float[][] a, float[][] b, int n) {
        for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
            for (int j = 0; j < n; ++j) {
                a[i][j] = 1.0F;
                b[i][j] = 1.0F;
            }
        }
    }

    static void check(float[][] c, int n) {
        for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
            for (int j = 0; j < n; j++) {
                if (c[i][j] != n) {
                    throw new Error("Check Failed at [" + i + "][" + j + "]: " + c[i][j]);
                    //System.out.println("Check Failed at [" + i + "][" + j + "]: " + c[i][j]); 
                }
            }
        }       
    }   

    public class Seq implements Runnable {

        private final MatrixMultiplyTask a;
        private final MatrixMultiplyTask b;

        public Seq(MatrixMultiplyTask a, MatrixMultiplyTask b, int size) {
            this.a = a;
            this.b = b;

            if (size <= THRESHOLD) {
                executor.submit(this);
            } else {            
                a.split();
                b.split();
            }
        }

        public void run() {
            a.multiplyStride2();
            b.multiplyStride2();
        }   
    }

    private class MatrixMultiplyTask {
        private final float[][] A; // Matrix A
        private final int aRow; // first row of current quadrant of A
        private final int aCol; // first column of current quadrant of A

        private final float[][] B; // Similarly for B
        private final int bRow;
        private final int bCol;

        private final float[][] C; // Similarly for result matrix C
        private final int cRow;
        private final int cCol;

        private final int size;

        MatrixMultiplyTask(float[][] A, int aRow, int aCol, float[][] B,
                int bRow, int bCol, float[][] C, int cRow, int cCol, int size) {

            this.A = A;
            this.aRow = aRow;
            this.aCol = aCol;
            this.B = B;
            this.bRow = bRow;
            this.bCol = bCol;
            this.C = C;
            this.cRow = cRow;
            this.cCol = cCol;
            this.size = size;
        }   

        public void split() {
            int h = size / 2;

            new Seq(new MatrixMultiplyTask(A,
                    aRow, aCol, // A11
                    B, bRow, bCol, // B11
                    C, cRow, cCol, // C11
                    h),

            new MatrixMultiplyTask(A, aRow, aCol + h, // A12
                    B, bRow + h, bCol, // B21
                    C, cRow, cCol, // C11
                    h), h);

            new Seq(new MatrixMultiplyTask(A,
                    aRow, aCol, // A11
                    B, bRow, bCol + h, // B12
                    C, cRow, cCol + h, // C12
                    h),

            new MatrixMultiplyTask(A, aRow, aCol + h, // A12
                    B, bRow + h, bCol + h, // B22
                    C, cRow, cCol + h, // C12
                    h), h);

            new Seq(new MatrixMultiplyTask(A, aRow
                    + h, aCol, // A21
                    B, bRow, bCol, // B11
                    C, cRow + h, cCol, // C21
                    h),

            new MatrixMultiplyTask(A, aRow + h, aCol + h, // A22
                    B, bRow + h, bCol, // B21
                    C, cRow + h, cCol, // C21
                    h), h);

            new Seq(new MatrixMultiplyTask(A, aRow
                    + h, aCol, // A21
                    B, bRow, bCol + h, // B12
                    C, cRow + h, cCol + h, // C22
                    h),

            new MatrixMultiplyTask(A, aRow + h, aCol + h, // A22
                    B, bRow + h, bCol + h, // B22
                    C, cRow + h, cCol + h, // C22
                    h), h);
        }

        public void multiplyStride2() {
            for (int j = 0; j < size; j += 2) {
                for (int i = 0; i < size; i += 2) {

                    float[] a0 = A[aRow + i];
                    float[] a1 = A[aRow + i + 1];

                    float s00 = 0.0F;
                    float s01 = 0.0F;
                    float s10 = 0.0F;
                    float s11 = 0.0F;

                    for (int k = 0; k < size; k += 2) {

                        float[] b0 = B[bRow + k];

                        s00 += a0[aCol + k] * b0[bCol + j];
                        s10 += a1[aCol + k] * b0[bCol + j];
                        s01 += a0[aCol + k] * b0[bCol + j + 1];
                        s11 += a1[aCol + k] * b0[bCol + j + 1];

                        float[] b1 = B[bRow + k + 1];

                        s00 += a0[aCol + k + 1] * b1[bCol + j];
                        s10 += a1[aCol + k + 1] * b1[bCol + j];
                        s01 += a0[aCol + k + 1] * b1[bCol + j + 1];
                        s11 += a1[aCol + k + 1] * b1[bCol + j + 1];
                    }

                    C[cRow + i][cCol + j] += s00;
                    C[cRow + i][cCol + j + 1] += s01;
                    C[cRow + i + 1][cCol + j] += s10;
                    C[cRow + i + 1][cCol + j + 1] += s11;
                }
            }           
        }
    }
}
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1 Answer

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  1. Editorial Team
    Editorial Team
    2026-05-21T03:14:59+00:00Added an answer on May 21, 2026 at 3:14 am

    After reading this this question I decided to adapt my program. My new program works very well without synchronization. Thanks for your thoughts Peter.

    New code:

    package algorithms;
    
    import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
    import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
    import java.util.concurrent.Future;
    import java.util.concurrent.FutureTask;
    
    public class Java6MatrixMultiply implements Algorithm {
    
        private static final int SIZE = 2048;
        private static final int THRESHOLD = 64;
        private static final int MAX_THREADS = Runtime.getRuntime().availableProcessors();
    
        private final ExecutorService executor = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(MAX_THREADS);
    
        private float[][] a = new float[SIZE][SIZE];
        private float[][] b = new float[SIZE][SIZE];
        private float[][] c = new float[SIZE][SIZE];
    
        @Override
        public void initialize() {
            init(a, b, SIZE);
        }
    
        @Override
        public void execute() {
            MatrixMultiplyTask mainTask =  new MatrixMultiplyTask(a, 0, 0, b, 0, 0, c, 0, 0, SIZE);
            Future future = executor.submit(mainTask);  
    
            try {
                future.get();
            } catch (Exception e) {
                System.out.println("Error: " + e.getMessage());
            }
        }
    
        @Override
        public void printResult() {
            check(c, SIZE);
    
            for (int i = 0; i < SIZE && i <= 10; i++) {
                for (int j = 0; j < SIZE && j <= 10; j++) {         
                    if(j == 10) {
                        System.out.print("...");
                    }
                    else {
                        System.out.print(c[i][j] + " ");
                    }
                }
    
                if(i == 10) {
                    System.out.println();
                    for(int k = 0; k < 10; k++) System.out.print(" ... ");
                }   
    
                System.out.println();
            }       
    
            System.out.println();
        }
    
        // To simplify checking, fill with all 1's. Answer should be all n's.
        static void init(float[][] a, float[][] b, int n) {
            for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
                for (int j = 0; j < n; ++j) {
                    a[i][j] = 1.0F;
                    b[i][j] = 1.0F;
                }
            }
        }
    
        static void check(float[][] c, int n) {
            for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
                for (int j = 0; j < n; j++) {
                    if (c[i][j] != n) {
                        throw new Error("Check Failed at [" + i + "][" + j + "]: " + c[i][j]);
                        //System.out.println("Check Failed at [" + i + "][" + j + "]: " + c[i][j]); 
                    }
                }
            }       
        }   
    
        public class Seq implements Runnable {
    
            private final MatrixMultiplyTask a;
            private final MatrixMultiplyTask b;
    
            public Seq(MatrixMultiplyTask a, MatrixMultiplyTask b) {
                this.a = a;
                this.b = b;     
            }
    
            public void run() {
                a.run();
                b.run();
            }   
        }
    
        private class MatrixMultiplyTask implements Runnable {
            private final float[][] A; // Matrix A
            private final int aRow; // first row of current quadrant of A
            private final int aCol; // first column of current quadrant of A
    
            private final float[][] B; // Similarly for B
            private final int bRow;
            private final int bCol;
    
            private final float[][] C; // Similarly for result matrix C
            private final int cRow;
            private final int cCol;
    
            private final int size;
    
            public MatrixMultiplyTask(float[][] A, int aRow, int aCol, float[][] B,
                    int bRow, int bCol, float[][] C, int cRow, int cCol, int size) {
    
                this.A = A;
                this.aRow = aRow;
                this.aCol = aCol;
                this.B = B;
                this.bRow = bRow;
                this.bCol = bCol;
                this.C = C;
                this.cRow = cRow;
                this.cCol = cCol;
                this.size = size;
            }   
    
            public void run() {
    
                //System.out.println("Thread: " + Thread.currentThread().getName());
    
                if (size <= THRESHOLD) {
                    multiplyStride2();
                } else {
    
                    int h = size / 2;
    
                            Seq seq1 = new Seq(new MatrixMultiplyTask(A,
                                    aRow, aCol, // A11
                                    B, bRow, bCol, // B11
                                    C, cRow, cCol, // C11
                                    h),
    
                            new MatrixMultiplyTask(A, aRow, aCol + h, // A12
                                    B, bRow + h, bCol, // B21
                                    C, cRow, cCol, // C11
                                    h));
    
                            Seq seq2 = new Seq(new MatrixMultiplyTask(A,
                                    aRow, aCol, // A11
                                    B, bRow, bCol + h, // B12
                                    C, cRow, cCol + h, // C12
                                    h),
    
                            new MatrixMultiplyTask(A, aRow, aCol + h, // A12
                                    B, bRow + h, bCol + h, // B22
                                    C, cRow, cCol + h, // C12
                                    h));
    
                            Seq seq3 = new Seq(new MatrixMultiplyTask(A, aRow
                                    + h, aCol, // A21
                                    B, bRow, bCol, // B11
                                    C, cRow + h, cCol, // C21
                                    h),
    
                            new MatrixMultiplyTask(A, aRow + h, aCol + h, // A22
                                    B, bRow + h, bCol, // B21
                                    C, cRow + h, cCol, // C21
                                    h));
    
                            Seq seq4 = new Seq(new MatrixMultiplyTask(A, aRow
                                    + h, aCol, // A21
                                    B, bRow, bCol + h, // B12
                                    C, cRow + h, cCol + h, // C22
                                    h),
    
                            new MatrixMultiplyTask(A, aRow + h, aCol + h, // A22
                                    B, bRow + h, bCol + h, // B22
                                    C, cRow + h, cCol + h, // C22
                                    h));            
    
    
    
                    final FutureTask s1Task = new FutureTask(seq2, null);
                    final FutureTask s2Task = new FutureTask(seq3, null);
                    final FutureTask s3Task = new FutureTask(seq4, null);
    
                    executor.execute(s1Task);
                    executor.execute(s2Task);
                    executor.execute(s3Task);
    
                    seq1.run();
                    s1Task.run();
                    s2Task.run();
                    s3Task.run();
    
                    try {
                        s1Task.get();
                        s2Task.get();
                        s3Task.get();
                    } catch (Exception e) {
                        System.out.println("Error: " + e.getMessage());
                        executor.shutdownNow();
                    }       
                }       
            }       
    
            public void multiplyStride2() {
                for (int j = 0; j < size; j += 2) {
                    for (int i = 0; i < size; i += 2) {
    
                        float[] a0 = A[aRow + i];
                        float[] a1 = A[aRow + i + 1];
    
                        float s00 = 0.0F;
                        float s01 = 0.0F;
                        float s10 = 0.0F;
                        float s11 = 0.0F;
    
                        for (int k = 0; k < size; k += 2) {
    
                            float[] b0 = B[bRow + k];
    
                            s00 += a0[aCol + k] * b0[bCol + j];
                            s10 += a1[aCol + k] * b0[bCol + j];
                            s01 += a0[aCol + k] * b0[bCol + j + 1];
                            s11 += a1[aCol + k] * b0[bCol + j + 1];
    
                            float[] b1 = B[bRow + k + 1];
    
                            s00 += a0[aCol + k + 1] * b1[bCol + j];
                            s10 += a1[aCol + k + 1] * b1[bCol + j];
                            s01 += a0[aCol + k + 1] * b1[bCol + j + 1];
                            s11 += a1[aCol + k + 1] * b1[bCol + j + 1];
                        }
    
                        C[cRow + i][cCol + j] += s00;
                        C[cRow + i][cCol + j + 1] += s01;
                        C[cRow + i + 1][cCol + j] += s10;
                        C[cRow + i + 1][cCol + j + 1] += s11;
                    }
                }           
            }
        }
    }
    
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