Question

Early binding for template and late binding for virtual function. Therefore, is it safe if a template contains virtual function?

template<typename T> 
class base {
public:
    T data;
    virtual void fn(T t){}
};

Answer 1

It is completely safe. Once you instantiate the class template, it becomes normal class just like other classes.

template<typename T> 
class base {
public:
    T data;
    virtual void fn(T t){}
};


class derived : base<int> {
public:
    virtual void fn(int t){} //override
};

base<int> *pBase = new derived();
pBase->fn(10); //calls derived::fn()

I would also like to point out that while it is allowed virtual function in a class template, it is not allowed virtual function template inside a class (as shown below):

class A
{
   template<typename T>
   virtual void f(); //error: virtual function template is not allowed
};