How can a extend memory space at 8086 up to 1 GB ???
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Obviously, you’re not going to get a linear address space. 1GB of space requires 30 address lines, and there are only 20 physical address lines on the 8086. You implement bank switching, where the 8086 provides 20 lower address lines. The 10 additional lines are provided via a latch that you map to a 16-bit I/O port. Writing a value to that port stores the 10-bit bank number in the latch. The latch is then used to feed the upper 10 address lines to memory.
When I did this as hardware project at university 20 years ago, the largest memory we could get hold of then was 2MB – I’ve no idea how you would interface a modern 1GB memory module!