Question

In bash on Mac OSX, I have a file (test case) that contains the lines

x xx xxx
xxx xx x

But when I execute the command

for i in `cat r.txt`; do echo "$i"; done

the result is not

x xx xxx
xxx xx x

as I want but rather

x
xx
xxx
xxx
xx
x

How do I make echo give me ‘x xx xxx’?

Answer 1

By default, a Bash for loop splits on all whitespace. You can override that by setting the IFS variable:

IFS=$'\n'
for i in `cat r.txt`; do echo "$i"; done
unset IFS