Question

Why is PRINT THIS in the code below never printing? I’ve already cout << shiftx and shifty to make sure that at some point, they both are 0.3.

for(double shifty=0; shifty < 2; shifty+=.1) {
    for(double shiftx=0; shiftx < 2; shiftx +=.1) {
        if((shiftx == 0.3) && (shifty == 0.3)) {
            cout << "PRINT THIS" << endl;
        }
    }    
}

Answer 1

The golden rule is: avoid equality tests in floating-point.

Neither 0.1 nor 0.3 can be exactly represented.

Standard reading: What Every Computer Scientist Should Know About Floating-Point Arithmetic.

To solve your particular problem, you should iterate and perform comparisons using integer types. Only convert to floating-point types when you actually need to. e.g.:

for(int shifty=0; shifty < 20; shifty++) {
    for(int shiftx=0; shiftx < 20; shiftx++) {
        double shifty_double = shifty * 0.1;
        double shiftx_double = shiftx * 0.1;
        if((shiftx == 3) && (shifty == 3)) {
            cout << "PRINT THIS" << endl;
        }
    }    
}