Question

You can consider this a follow-up question to How do I install the OpenSSL C++ library on Ubuntu?

I’m trying to build some code on Ubuntu 10.04 LTS that requires OpenSSL 1.0.0.

Ubuntu 10.04 LTS comes with OpenSSL 0.9.8k:

$ openssl version
OpenSSL 0.9.8k 25 Mar 2009

So after running sudo apt-get install libssl-dev and building, running ldd confirms I’ve linked in 0.9.8:

$ ldd foo
        ...
        libssl.so.0.9.8 => /lib/i686/cmov/libssl.so.0.9.8 (0x00110000)
        ...
        libcrypto.so.0.9.8 => /lib/i686/cmov/libcrypto.so.0.9.8 (0x002b0000)
        ...

How do I install OpenSSL 1.0.0 and the 1.0.0 development package?

Update: I’m writing this update after reading SB‘s answer (but before trying it), because it’s clear I need to explain that the obvious solution of downloading and installing OpenSSL 1.0.0 doesn’t work:

After successfully doing the following (recommended in the INSTALL file):

  $ ./config
  $ make
  $ make test
  $ make install

…I still get:

OpenSSL 0.9.8k 25 Mar 2009

…and:

$ sudo apt-get install libssl-dev
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
libssl-dev is already the newest version.
The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required:
  linux-headers-2.6.32-21 linux-headers-2.6.32-21-generic
Use 'apt-get autoremove' to remove them.
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.

…and (just to make sure) after rebuilding my code, ldd still returns the same thing.

Update #2: I added the “-I/usr/local/ssl/include” and “-L/usr/local/ssl/lib” options (suggested by SB) to my makefile, but I’m now getting a bunch of undefine reference compile errors, for example:

/home/dspitzer/foo/foo.cpp:86: undefined reference to `BIO_f_base64'
/home/dspitzer/foo/foo.cpp:86: undefined reference to `BIO_new'

/usr/local/ssl/include/ contains only an openssl directory (which contains numerous .h files), so I also tried “-I/usr/local/ssl/include/openssl” but got the same errors.

Update #3: I tried changing the OpenSSL includes from (for example):

#include <openssl/bio.h>

…to:

#include "openssl/bio.h"

…in the .cpp source file but still get the same undefined reference errors.

Update #4: I now realize those undefined reference errors are linker errors. If I remove the “-L/usr/local/ssl/lib” from my Makefile, I don’t get the errors (but it links to OpenSSL 0.9.8). The contents of /usr/local/ssl/lib/ are:

$ ls /usr/local/ssl/lib/
engines  libcrypto.a  libssl.a  pkgconfig

I added -lcrypto, and the errors went away.

Answer 1

Get the 1.0.0a source from here.

# tar -xf openssl-1.0.0a.tar.gz
# cd openssl-1.0.0a
# ./config
# sudo make install

Note: if you have man pages build errors on modern systems, use make install_sw instead of make install.

This puts it in /usr/local/ssl by default

When you build, you need to tell gcc to look for the headers in /usr/local/ssl/include and link with libs in /usr/local/ssl/lib. You can specify this by doing something like:

gcc test.c -o test -I/usr/local/ssl/include -L/usr/local/ssl/lib -lssl -lcrypto

EDIT DO NOT overwrite any system libraries. It’s best to keep new libs in /usr/local. Overwriting Ubuntu defaults can be hazardous to your health and break your system.

Additionally, I was wrong about the paths as I just tried this in Ubuntu 10.04 VM. Fixed.

Note, there is no need to change LD_LIBRARY_PATH since the openssl libs you link against by default are static libs (at least by default – there might be a way to configure them as dynamic libs in the ./config step)

You may need to link against libcrypto because you are using some calls that are built and defined in the libcrypto package. Openssl 1.0.0 actually builds two libraries, libcrypto and libssl.

EDIT 2 Added -lcrypto to gcc line.